Geographical and environmental determinants of the genetic structure of wild barley in southeastern Anatolia
نویسندگان
چکیده
Despite the global value of barley, compared to its wild progenitor, genetic variation in this crop has been drastically reduced due to the process of domestication, selection and improvement. In the medium term, this will negatively impact both the vulnerability and yield stability of barley against biotic and abiotic stresses under climate change. Returning to the crop wild relatives (CWR) as sources of new and beneficial alleles is a clear option for enhancing the resilience of diversity and adaptation to climate change. Southeastern Anatolia constitutes an important part of the natural distribution of wild barley in the Fertile Crescent where important crops were initially domesticated. In this study, we investigated genetic diversity in a comprehensive collection of 281 geo-referenced wild barley individuals from 92 collection sites with sample sizes ranging from 1 to 9 individuals per site, collected from southeastern Anatolia and 131 domesticated genotypes from 49 different countries using 40 EST-SSR markers. A total of 375 alleles were detected across entire collection, of which 283 were carried by domesticated genotypes and 316 alleles were present in the wild gene pool. The number of unique alleles in the wild and in the domesticated gene pool was 92 and 59, respectively. The population structure at K = 3 suggested two groups of wild barley namely G1-W consisting wild barley genotypes from the western part and G1-E comprising those mostly from the eastern part of the study area, with a sharp separation from the domesticated gene pool. The geographic and climatic factors jointly showed significant effects on the distribution of wild barley. Using a Latent Factor Mixed Model, we identified four candidate loci potentially involved in adaptation of wild barley to three environmental factors: temperature seasonality, mean temperature of driest quarter, and precipitation of coldest quarter. These loci are probably the targets of genomic regions, with potential roles against abiotic stresses.
منابع مشابه
Genetic and Morphological Diversity of Wild Mint "Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson subsp. noeana (Briq.) Briq." in South and Southeastern Iran
The wild mint "Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudson subsp. noeana (Briq.) Briq." is an important medicinal plant which contains several worthy components like: menthone, pulegone, pipertenon, menthol, thymol, and carvone in its essential oil. This plant grows extensively in center of Asia including Iran. Because of so worthy components and its big role in traditional and modern medicine, the wild mint...
متن کاملTransferability of barley microsatellite markers for assessing genetic relationships of wheat wild relatives of Triticum and Aegilops genera
Comparative genomics has revealed a high degree of collinearity between related species, which allows transferability of interspecies and intergenus markers. The aim of this study was to examine the transferability of barley microsatellite markers among species of Triticum and Aegilops genus for determination of their genetic relationships. The experiments was carried out in faculty of agricu...
متن کاملارزیابی تحمل به تنش خشکی در جو زراعی و وحشی براساس صفات فیزیولوژیک و شاخصهای تحمل
Drought stress is one the most limiting factors for crop production worldwide. The wide ecological and environmental dispersion of crop wild relatives, generates a high potential of their adaptive diversity to abiotic stresses such as drought. In this study 21 (including 10 cultivated and 11 wild barley (Hordeumvulgaressp. spontaneum))genotypes were evaluated under three soil water conditions f...
متن کاملDrought adaptations in wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) grown in Iran
Wild barley contains a wide genetic diversity and therefore is adaptable to all kinds of harsh environments. The aim of this research was to determine the extent of drought stress adaptation within Hordeum spontaneum L. genotypes from different climates of Iran. From the primary population of 193 genotypes, a core set consisting of 18 genotypes, were selected based on the highest squared Euclid...
متن کاملPrevalence of ELISA-detected specific antibodies against Besnoitia besnoiti in cattle of the Eastern and Southeastern Anatolian regions, Turkey
Background: Besnoitiosis caused by Besnoitia besnoiti is regarded as a re-emerging disease in cattle because of the increased number of cases and geographical distribution in many European countries. Aims: The present study was conducted to determine the presence of B. besnoiti in cattle in the Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia of Turkey. <str...
متن کامل